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How does the
PASS-Key II system work?
How can I display the error
codes from a Service Engine Light?
How can I determine a
particular wire by its color and location?
Why do the fans
and service engine light come on just after cold start?
How
fast is my car?
How does the PASS-Key
II system work?
PASS-Key II works with a small resistor chip embedded
in your ignition key. This chips gives a certain resistance. When the ignition
key is inserted into the car for the very first time at the factory the
computer controller memorizes the exact resistance of that chip and will not
start again w/o it.
This provides pretty good protection against all but
the more sophisticated thief. A knowledgeable thief can get around it with the
right equipment, but the time to steal goes up considerably.
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How can I display the
error codes from a Service Engine Light?
According to the 1994 F-Carline Service Manual, page
6E-6 states in part:
"Although it is recommended that a diagnostic scan
tool be used to read diagnostic trouble code(s), it may be possible to flash
trouble codes on certain vehicles equipped with a 12 pin DLC connector."
If your car does not have the 12 pin DLC connector,
you may not be able to manually "flash" your trouble codes. The language "may
be possible" appears to suggest that this method should work with most, if not
all, 12 pin DLC equipped cars.
THE CONNECTOR
---------------------------
| 1 2 3
4 5 6 |
| 7 8 9 10 11
12 |
---------------------------
Pin 6 = Ground
5 = Diagnostic
Terminal
2,12 = Serial
data
1 = TCC
(Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid)
DISPLAYING THE TROUBLE CODES
Some people with 94
models and on have had trouble using the following method, but it still won't
hurt to try it. Ground Pin 5, the diagnostic terminal (into Pin 6), with the
ignition off - then turn the ignition to the on position without starting the
engine will flash the "Service Engine Soon" light in the following sequence.
flash, pause, flash-flash, long pause flash, pause, flash-flash, long pause
flash, pause, flash-flash, long pause Following this "12" code repeating three
times will come any trouble codes stored, flashing each of them three times. If
you do not see the "12" flash three times, your diagnostic circuit could be
defective. Otherwise you probably need a GM scan tool.
Some vehicles will display stored trouble codes, then
"12" again, followed by energizing "most system controlled relays." The fuel
pump relay will not energize. The idle air control valve will fully extend to
enable checking minimum idle speed.
FIELD SERVICE MODE
Starting the engine with pin 5
grounded will place the system in "Field Service Mode" Open loop will result in
the Service Engine Soon light flashing more than twice per second. Closed loop
will result in (1) Light flashing once per second, (2) Light staying off when
running lean, and (3) Light staying on if running rich.
CLEARING THE TROUBLE CODES
Turn the
key switch to
the off position. To clear any trouble codes, disconnect the power feed for 30
seconds. If this is done at the battery, and your car stereo is equipped and
programmed with a four digit pin code, you may have to re-enter that as well to
use your stereo again. A better place to remove power is at the fuse.
TROUBLE CODES
13. Open circuit at left oxygen sensor
14. High temperature indicated at
engine coolant temp. sensor
15. Low temperature indicated at
engine coolant temp. sensor
16. Low voltage at battery
17. Circuit fault/error at camshaft
position sensor
18-20. N/A
21. High voltage at throttle position
sensor
22. Low voltage at throttle position
sensor
23. Low temperature at intake air
temperature sensor
24. Fault in vehicle speed sensor
25. High temperature at intake air
temperature sensor
26-27. N/A
28. Fault in transmission pressure
switch assembly
29-32. N/A
33. High voltage (low vacuum) at
manifold pressure sensor
34. Low voltage (high vacuum) at
manifold pressure sensor
35. Idle speed can not be set to
desired RPM
36. 24X signal
37. Fault in torque converter clutch
brake switch
38. N/A
39. Fault in torque converter clutch
circuit
40. N/A
41. Fault in ignition control timing
circuit
42. Error in ignition control
43. Fault in knock sensor circuit
44. Left oxygen sensor lean
45. Left oxygen sensor rich
46. PASS-Key II circuit
47-50. N/A
51. PROM error
52. N/A
53. High voltage at battery
54. Low voltage at fuel pump
55-57. N/A
58. High temperature in transmission
fluid
59. Low temperature in transmission
fluid
60. N/A
61. A/C performance
62. N/A
63. Right oxygen sensor open circuit
64. Right oxygen sensor lean
65. Right oxygen sensor rich
66. Low A/C refrigerant pressure
67. A/C refrigerant pressure circuit
error
68. A/C compressor relay short circuit
69. A/C compressor relay open circuit
70. High A/C refrigerant pressure
71. Low temperature at A/C evaporator
72. Signal error at vehicle speed
sensor
73. High temperature at A/C evaporator
74. N/A
75. EGR solenoid #1 error
76. EGR solenoid #2 error
77. EGR solenoid #3 error
78. N/A
79. Transmission fluid hot
80. Transmission slipping
81. N/A
82. 3X signal, ignition control error
83. N/A
84. CAGS open circuit (95's and up
only)
85. PROM error
86. Analog to digital converter error
87. EEPROM error
88-89. N/A
90. Torque converter clutch error
91-92. N/A
93. Pressure control solenoid Circuit
current error
97. Voltage low in transmission system
98-99. Invalid PCM Program
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How can I determine a
particular wire by its color and location?
The wires can be found as follows:
UNIT/OPERATION WIRE COLOR POL WIRE LOCATION
-------------- ---------- --- -------------
12V red + ignition harness
Starter yellow (or purple) + ignition harness
Ignition pink + ignition harness
Accessory orange (must enable) + right of dr.kick panel
Tach white or white/black ac coil/dist. assembly *
Power Lock lt. blue ** 5wi either kick panel -
Power Unlock dk. blue ** 5wi test from pass. sw.
Parking Lights brown drivers kick panel
Door Trigger white - behind left rear spkr
Headlights yellow +
Wiper green + black conn. steer col.
LF Window Up/dwn dk. blue - brown A in drivers door
RF Window Up/dwn lt. blue - tan **** A in drivers door
Trunk Pin same as door trigger -
Trunk Release black + at switch
Horn Trigger black - black conn. st. column
Brake Wire yellow + at brake switch
Reverse Lights green + black conn. st. column
* White for the V6 and white/black for the V8.
** For keyless-entry versions, there are also
red/black and orange/black lock wires in the passenger kick panel which are
5-wire and still mastered from the passenger switch.
*** There are also
gray/black in drivers kick panel
(non-delay without connection for trunk). The gray may be found in the harness
below the speaker. So do not use the orange wires from dome light and door lock
B+ circuits for 12V source as they shut off with timer.
**** Bypass module for drivers window and connect
directly to motor leads. In passenger door motor wires are dark blue and
brown.
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Why do the fans and
service engine light come on just after cold start?
It's probably a blown air pump fuse (20 amp). Take
the cover off the fuse box under the hood and locate the fuse. If it's blown,
simply replace it. If it keeps blowing, then you probably have a faulty air
pump which should be replaced as per the Technical Service Bulletin
(#636502).
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How fast is my
car?
Numbers are always different depending on who drove
the car, how it was driven, the conditions of the track, how much weight was in
the car, etc. And of course every car is not created equal. However these
numbers, taken from the August '94 Chevy High Performance magazine, will give
you an idea.
GM's advertised numbers are:
0-60 1/4 mile Top Speed Model
---- ------------ --------- ----------------
6.1 14.8 @ 97 155 Z28 Coupe
6.3 14.8 @ 97 155 Trans Am Coupe M6
4.9 13.5 @ 104 160 Firehawk Coupe M6
Auto magazine reviews resulted in:
Magazine Date Page 0-60 1/4 mile Top Speed Model
-------- ----- ---- ---- ------------ --------- -----------------
C&D 01/93 121 5.4 14.2 @ 99 153 Formula Coupe M6
MT 01/93 52 6.2 14.7 @ 96.9 n/a Z28 Coupe M6
MT 01/93 80 6.3 14.8 @ 97.6 n/a Trans Am Coupe M6
R&T 01/93 6.3 14.8 @ 95.5 n/a Trans Am Coupe
C&D 02/93 32 5.3 14.0 @ 100 154 Z28 Coupe M6
C&D 02/93 32 5.5 14.2 @ 99 152 Formula Coupe M6
MT 02/93 41 5.6 14.0 @ 98.8 n/a Z28 Coupe M6
MT 06/93 52 5.8 14.4 @ 97.9 151 Z28 Coupe M6
MT 06/93 52 6.1 14.7 @ 97.2 152 Formula Coupe M6
MT 08/93 82 5.8 14.4 @ 97.9 n/a Z28 Coupe M6
C&D 10/93 5.8 14.6 @ 97 104 Z28 Ragtop M6
CR 10/93 682 6.6 15.1 @ 94 n/a Trans Am Coupe A4
MT 10/93 36 6.2 14.5 @ 96.2 n/a Z28 Ragtop A4
AW 11/93 19 5.8 14.3 @ 99 n/a Z28 Coupe M6
C&D 12/93 5.4 14.1 @ 101 156 Z28 Coupe M6
R&T Spec 1994 6.2 14.8 @ 95.1 n/a Z28 Coupe
C&D 08/94 6.1 14.6 @ 96 153 Trans Am Coupe A4
MT 08/94 41 5.7 14.2 @ 98.8 159.3 Z28 Coupe M6
R&T Spor 1995 53 6.3 14.8 @ 95.5 n/a Z28 Coupe M6
R&T Spor 1995 130 6.7 15.1 @ 95.0 n/a Formula Ragtop M6
AM 06/95 53 n/a n/a 152 Trans Am Coupe M6
AM 06/95 56 n/a n/a 155 Z28 Coupe M6
R&T 06/95 79 6.4 14.9 @ 93.6 155.3 Z28 Coupe M6
R&T 06/95 90 6.5 14.9 @ 93.9 157.8 Trans Am Coupe A4
MT 07/95 51 5.6 14.0 @ 101.6 157 Trans Am Coupe M6
MT 07/95 48 5.7 14.2 @ 100.2 155 Z28 Coupe M6
AVERAGE 5.97 14.51 @ 97.36 154.46 (excl. speed limited)
Other cars reviewed in the auto magazines include:
Magazine Date Page 0-60 1/4 mile Top Speed Model
-------- ----- ---- ---- ------------ -------- ----------------
C&D 06/93 9.2 17.0 @ 79 110 3.4 Camaro Coupe A4
PP 06/93 6.2 14.7 @ 96.9 n/a Z28 Coupe M6
MT 07/93 49 4.9 13.5 @ 103.5 n/a Firehawk Coupe M6
MT 09/93 51 9.7 16.8 @ 77.6 n/a 3.4 Camaro Coupe A4
CR 10/93 682 9.8 17.3 @ 79 n/a 3.4 Camaro Coupe A4
C&D 05/94 8.9 16.8 @ 82 107 3.4 Camaro Coupe M5
C&D 04/95 4.1 12.6 @ 114 183 Lingenfelter 383 M6
MT 05/95 76 5.3 13.9 @ 103.6 n/a Firehawk Coupe M6
MT 05/95 102 7.4 15.7 @ 88.3 n/a 3800 Camaro Coupe A4
MT Spec 05/95 4.9 13.4 @ 109.7 n/a Rippie Camaro M6
MT Spec 05/95 5.1 13.3 @ 113.1 n/a Lingenfelter 383 M6
MT Spec 05/95 5.1 13.2 @ 111.0 n/a Paxton Camaro M6
MT Spec 05/95 5.1 13.5 @ 107.4 n/a Vortech Tran Am M6
C&D 06/95 4.8 13.3 @ 109 172 Callaway Camaro C8 M6
R&T 06/95 79 5.2 13.6 @ 110.2 177.1 Vortech Camaro M6
R&T 06/95 89 4.5 12.7 @ 114.7 192.1 Lingenfelter 383 M6
C&D 07/95 7.7 15.9 @ 86 114 3800 Camaro Coupe A4
KEY: | AM - Automobile | AW - Autoweek | C&D - Car & Driver |
| CR - Consumer Reports | MT - Motor Trend | R&T - Road & Track |
| PP - Petersen's Performance Cars |
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